Young grapefruit tree12/12/2023 One of the main advantages of this system includes decrease in frequency of insecticide sprays to control psyllids. Coordinating insecticide applications over large acreages and among different farms adds another layer of complexity to an inefficient HLB-ACP control strategy.Ĭompletely enclosed screen houses physically exclude the ACP and thus prevent inoculation and disease development. The success of an insecticide ACP-management program is affected by the treated area, with greater efficacy usually achieved over larger swaths of land ( Bassanezi et al., 2013). Because the CLas bacterium is vectored by the ACP, insecticide applications aimed at reducing ACP populations and feeding activity typically constitute the main bulwark of HLB mitigation programs ( Bassanezi et al., 2013 Hall et al., 2013 Stansly et al., 2014). One characteristic of the disease is that yield losses precede visible foliar symptoms ( Bassanezi et al., 2011), potentially indicating that fruit production is negatively affected before the disease is visually detected. Trees affected by HLB suffer from general canopy and root decline, yield reduction, and lopsided fruit that are not fit for sale on the fresh market. HLB disease affects 90% of Florida’s total citrus acreage and on average 80% trees in an individual citrus operation are infected with the pathogen, resulting in 41% yield loss ( Singerman and Useche, 2016). The 36% reduction of planted area and 68% drop in yield is causing major economic and social problems to the state of Florida. The disease was detected in Florida in 2004, and since that time, citrus commercial acreage has decreased from 748,555 to 480,121 acres, and the total citrus production reduced from 291,800,000 to 94,205,000 85-lb boxes in 2015–16 season. Keywords: integrated production systems protected agriculture citrus under protective screen non-bearing trees hydroponicsĬitrus producers are fighting HLB, a disease associated with the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus. The screen houses described here provided a better growing environment for in-ground grapefruit because the protective structures accelerated young tree growth compared with open-air plantings while protecting trees from HLB infection. However, trees grown in-ground and inside the screen houses did not experience any severe leaf N deficiencies and were the largest trees, presenting the highest canopy surface area and LAI at the end of the study. Monthly leaf nitrogen concentration was consistently greater in container-grown trees in the open-air compared with trees grown in-ground and inside the screen houses. CWUE was negatively related to leaf VPD ( P < 0.01). Leaf water transpiration increased and leaf vapor pressure deficit (VPD) decreased in trees grown inside screen houses compared with trees grown in the open-air plots. Trees grown inside screen houses developed larger canopy surface area, canopy surface area water use efficiency (CWUE), leaf area index (LAI) and LAI water use efficiency (LAIWUE) relative to trees grown in open-air plots ( P < 0.01). We tested two coverings and two planting systems (in-ground and container-grown), with four replications arranged in a split-plot experimental design. The current study investigated the use of antipsyllid screen houses on plant growth and physiological parameters of young ‘Ray Ruby’ grapefruit ( Citrus ×paradisi) trees. Completely enclosed screen houses can physically exclude contact between the asian citrus psyllid and young, healthy citrus ( Citrus sp.) trees and prevent huanglongbing (HLB) disease development.
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